abstract：:Sand fiddler crabs, Uca panacea, were exposed in laboratory habitats to measured concentrations of ULV-grade fenthion via simulated aerial spray at 5% and 50% of field rate application of 6-12 mg fenthion/m(2) (0.05-0.10 lbs fenthion/acre). Two habitats served as controls, and two habitats served as replicates for eac...

journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology

authors： Schoor WP,Middaugh DP,Marcovich DT

更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Effect of sublethal treatment (20% and 60% of LC(50)/24 h) of plant-derived molluscicides, viz. Polianthes tuberosa, Trachyspermum ammi, Allium sativum powder; Azadirachta indica oil; oleoresin of Zingiber officinale; and their active molluscicidal component in combination (1:5) with MGK-264 or piperonyl butoxide on t...

journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology

authors： Singh K,Singh DK

更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Contaminants entering aquatic systems from agricultural, industrial, and municipal activities are generally sequestered in bottom sediments. The environmental significance of contaminants associated with sediments dredged from Savannah Harbor, Georgia, USA, are unknown. To evaluate potential effects of contaminants in...

journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology

authors： Winger PV,Lasier PJ,White DH,Seginak JT

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sexually maturing female rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, were exposed to 10 microg/L of waterborne lead Pb(NO(3))(2) for 12 days during endogenous vitellogenesis and 12 days during exogenous vitellogenesis. Lead had no significant effect on either gonadosomatic indices or mean maximum diameters of developing oocyt...

journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology

authors： Ruby SM,Hull R,Anderson P

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of insecticidal control programs for grasshoppers on the population density of birds were assessed under operational conditions in two rangeland sites in Wyoming during an outbreak (19 to 56 grasshoppers m(-2) on >1,500 ha). Malathion, carbaryl, and fipronil were evaluated using large-scale (>/=260 ha) red...

journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology

authors： Norelius EE,Lockwood JA

更新日期：1999-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The toxicities and oxidative stress-inducing actions of (-)-nicotine and smokeless tobacco extract (STE), containing equivalent amounts of nicotine, were studied. Toxicities were determined by colony formation assays using Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. Results indicated that nicotine is less toxic than smokeless ...

journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology

authors： Yildiz D,Liu YS,Ercal N,Armstrong DW

更新日期：1999-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The objective of the study was to corroborate or refute the hypothesis that farmers having a high intake of organic grown commodities have a high semen quality due to their expected lower level of dietary pesticides intake. Food frequency data and semen were collected from 256 farmers (171 traditional farmers and 85 o...

journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology

authors： Juhler RK,Larsen SB,Meyer O,Jensen ND,Spanò M,Giwercman A,Bonde JP

更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Freshwater macroinvertebrate communities were established within 12 artificial streams or "toroidal" mesocosms and exposed to three replicated concentrations of ammonia for 29 days at constant temperature (16 degrees C) and pH (median 8.4). The criterion units (CU = measured [ammonia]/US EPA 1985 chronic criterion val...

journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology

authors： Hickey CW,Golding LA,Martin ML,Croker GF

更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:One-year-old whitefish, Coregonus lavaretus, were exposed to three types of iron-rich water, two dilutions for each, in a subchronic (30-day) experiment. In natural iron-rich humic water, both the bioaccumulation and physiological effects of iron exposure were negligible. In humic-free water with high amount of additi...

journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology

authors： Lappivaara J,Kiviniemi A,Oikari A

更新日期：1999-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pilot whales strand periodically along the U.S. coast, and these strandings offer an opportunity for the collection of tissues for biomonitoring of contaminant exposure in cetaceans, as well as for specimen archiving. Concentrations of organochlorine (OC) contaminants (e.g., PCB congeners, pesticides, DDTs) were measu...

journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology

authors： Tilbury KL,Adams NG,Krone CA,Meador JP,Early G,Varanasi U

更新日期：1999-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The magnitude of between-strain differences in the sensitivity of algal species to toxicants is not well known. Yet, informations obtained with a single strain are used for ecotoxicological assessment and for interspecific comparisons. Using 12 strains, we determined whether intraspecific variability occurs in the gre...

journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology

authors： Behra R,Genoni GP,Joseph AL

更新日期：1999-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The results of environmental and biological (five subjects) monitoring of exposure to fenitrothion during manual operations on treated ornamental plants in greenhouses are reported. Urinary excretion [GM (GSD)] of alkylphosphates [dimethylphosphate (DMP) + dimethylthiophosphate (DMTP)] (nmol/g creat) was 244.8 (1.8), ...

journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology

authors： Aprea C,Sciarra G,Sartorelli P,Ceccarelli F,Centi L

更新日期：1999-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Heavy metals present in the soil get differently accumulated in organisms and show different rates of toxicity at different stages of the life cycle of any organism living there. To see whether such toxicants get accumulated during the embryonic development and/or change the normal developmental processes of organisms...

journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology

authors： Devkota B,Schmidt GH

更新日期：1999-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Among the waterfowl affected by white phosphorus (P4) at a military base in Alaska are tundra (Cygnus columbianus) and trumpeter (C. buccinator) swans. To estimate the toxicity of P4 to swans and compare the toxic effects to those of mallards (Anas platyrhynchos), we dosed 30 juvenile mute swans (C. olor) with 0 to 5....

journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology

authors： Sparling DW,Day D,Klein P

更新日期：1999-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The sorption of volatile organic analytes from water samples by the Teflon septum surface used with standard glass 40-ml sample collection vials was investigated. Analytes tested included alkanes, isoalkanes, olefins, cycloalkanes, a cycloalkene, monoaromatics, a polynuclear aromatic, and two chloroethenes. Both labor...

journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology

authors： Kovacs DA,Kampbell DH

更新日期：1999-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The tin contents in fresh food or in food stored in lacquered or unlacquered cans were determined in order to estimate the daily tin intake in a French citizen. Tin levels were 76.6 +/- 36.5 mg/kg in foods preserved in unlacquered cans, 3.2 +/- 2.3 mg/kg in foods stored in lacquered cans, and 0.03 +/- 0.03 mg/kg in fr...

journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology

authors： Biégo GH,Joyeux M,Hartemann P,Debry G

更新日期：1999-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Seed germination and early stage seedling growth tests were conducted to determine the ecotoxicological threshold of 2,4, 6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) in two soils of different properties. Soils were amended up to 1,600 mg TNT kg-1 soil and four representative species of higher plants, two dicotyledons (Lepidium sativum L....

journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology

authors： Gong P,Wilke B,Fleischmann S

更新日期：1999-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The chronic toxicity of total ammonium and unionized ammonia (NH3) to the native New Zealand freshwater fingernail clam Sphaerium novaezelandiae was assessed in soft water under laboratory conditions. Control survival after 60 days was high (93%) and concentration-response relationships showed the sensitivity of S. no...

journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology

authors： Hickey CW,Martin ML

更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To monitor the exposure of Canadian populations, Health Canada has carried out six major surveys of breast milk contaminants, beginning in 1967. In these national surveys, breast milk was collected from nursing mothers at various times in their nursing period, and the concentrations of chlorinated hydrocarbons were me...

journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology

authors： Craan AG,Haines DA

更新日期：1998-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Osprey (Pandion haliaetus) eggs were collected from 1991 to 1997 at nests (n = 121) upstream and downstream of bleached kraft pulp mills and at reference sites in the Fraser and Columbia River drainage systems of British Columbia, Washington, and Oregon. Blood samples were collected from nestling ospreys during the 19...

journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology

authors： Elliott JE,Machmer MM,Henny CJ,Wilson LK,Norstrom RJ

更新日期：1998-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An experimental model was designed to study the acute lesions caused by a continuous exposure to 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) disolved in water (400 mg/L) in hematopoietic kidney tissue in tench (Tinca tinca L). Fifty fish were used in this study, 15 for calculating LC50 and 35 were euthanized 1, 2, 5, 8, an...

journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology

authors： Gómez L,Masot J,Martínez S,Durán E,Soler F,Roncero V

更新日期：1998-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Naturally derived microbial communities were developed in the laboratory under three nutrient regimes by manipulating phosphate and nitrate concentrations. Resulting communities differed in both functional and structural attributes. Low nutrient microcosms (0.05 mg N-NO3-/L + 0.01 mg P-PO4-3/L) showed the sharpest dif...

journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology

authors： Pratt JR,Barreiro R

更新日期：1998-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The golden-brown algae Isochrysis galbana, a primary producer, was used to determine the influence of the chemical dispersing agent, Corexit 9527((R)), on the bioavailability of naphthalene. Cells were exposed to laboratory preparations of either the water-accommodated fraction (WAF) of Prudhoe Bay crude oil (PBCO) or...

journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology

authors： Wolfe MF,Schwartz GJB,Singaram S,Mielbrecht EE,Tjeerdema RS,Sowby ML

更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To assess the extent of sediment contamination in the Upper Mississippi River (UMR) system after the flood of 1993, sediment samples were collected from 24 of the 26 navigational pools in the river and from one site in the Saint Croix River in the summer of 1994. Whole-sediment tests were conducted with the amphipod H...

journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology

authors： Kemble NE,Brunson EL,Canfield TJ,Dwyer FJ,Ingersoll CG

更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Franz diffusion experiments with human skin combined with work-clothing fabric have shown that skin exposure to pesticides is reduced by the presence of traditional nonbarrier textiles. This study was undertaken to obtain further information about the reduction in exposure using traditional work-clothing fabrics that ...

journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology

authors： Csiszár E,Borsa J,Rácz I,Obendorf SK

更新日期：1998-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The survival, growth, and biochemical composition (protein, total lipid, total carbohydrate, free reducing sugars, RNA, DNA) of the guppy, Poecilia reticulata, exposed to low sublethal concentrations of cadmium throughout its life cycle (beginning with 5-day-old juveniles) was studied. The purpose was to get some insi...

journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology

authors： Miliou H,Zaboukas N,Moraitou-Apostolopoulou M

更新日期：1998-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Persistent organochlorines such as DDT and its metabolites (DDTs), hexachlorocyclohexane isomers (HCHs), chlordane compounds (CHLs), hexachlorobenzene (HCB), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were determined in whole-body homogenates of resident and migratory birds collected from South India. Organochlorine contami...

journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology

authors： Tanabe S,Senthilkumar K,Kannan K,Subramanian AN

更新日期：1998-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An investigation into the fate of elements during residential composting was conducted by studying an Envirocycle residential-type aerobic composter unit that was set up and operated at the University of Toronto's greenhouse facility. Source materials consisting of various fruits and vegetables were combined with Metr...

journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology

authors： Evans GJ,Tan PV

更新日期：1998-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A human breast cancer cell line (MCF-7) was used to develop an in vitro screening assay for the detection of xenoestrogenic environmental pollutants. MCF-7 cells were cultured in DMEM containing 5% fetal bovine serum (FBS). An estrogenic response was defined as an increase in the frequency of proliferating MCF-7 cells...

journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology

authors： Blom A,Ekman E,Johannisson A,Norrgren L,Pesonen M

更新日期：1998-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A grazing bioassay was employed to assess the impacts of chlorophenols on Daphnia magna and Daphnia pulex. The effects of two chlorophenols, pentachlorophenol (PCP) and 4-chlorophenol, were investigated at concentrations of 0.001, 0.01, and 0.1 mg . L-1 over a 96-h period. All tests were conducted in water from the so...

journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology

authors： Gokcen JE

更新日期：1998-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The acute effects of both untreated and dispersant-treated Prudhoe Bay crude oil on the early life-stages of three marine species were investigated. Identification of which water-accommodated fraction (undispersed or chemically dispersed) was considered "more toxic" was dependent on species, time, and endpoint (and by...

journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology

authors： Singer MM,George S,Lee I I,Jacobson S,Weetman LL,Blondina G,Tjeerdema RS,Aurand D,Sowby ML

更新日期：1998-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The use of an as-yet-undescribed euryhaline Corophium sp. amphipod as a sediment toxicity testing organism was assessed. The species was found to be ubiquitous in many tidal areas of the Hawkesbury River catchment. The salinity of habitat sites ranged from 0.1 to 24 ppt, sediment total organic carbon (TOC) ranged from...

journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology

authors： Hyne RV,Everett DA

更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Juvenile common carp were exposed for 28 days to three different sublethal copper concentrations (0.20 microM, 0.55 microM, and 0.80 microM). Food consumption was monitored on a daily basis during the exposure period, while growth, copper accumulation, energy stores, and nucleic acid contents were assessed weekly. Cop...

journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology

authors： De Boeck G,Vlaeminck A,Blust R

更新日期：1997-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) have become an ubiquitous upper soil component as a consequence of industrialization involving a multitude of combustion processes. Ingestion of PAH contaminated soil is considered to be a major exposure route, specifically for small children living on these soils. Health risk as...

journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology

authors： van Schooten FJ,Moonen EJ,van der Wal L,Levels P,Kleinjans JC

更新日期：1997-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The concentrations of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDD) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDF) were determined in soil samples taken from 24 sites in the vicinity of a municipal solid waste incinerator (Montcada, Barcelona, Spain). Samples were collected within a radius of 3 km in each of the three main direc...

journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology

authors： Schuhmacher M,Xifró A,Llobet JM,de Kok HA,Domingo JL

更新日期：1997-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A toxicity test for organophosphates (OP) and carbamates (C) was improved with the adult ragworm Nereis diversicolor. Animals were maintained in U-shaped glass tubes of 4-mm inner diameter fixed vertically on a plastic plate and placed in glass aquaria. Each tank was covered with glass in order to reduce evaporation a...

journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology

authors： Scaps P,Demuynck S,Descamps M,Dhainaut A

更新日期：1997-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To evaluate sources of PCBs in combined sewer overflows (CSOs) to the Buffalo River, New York, combined sewage, sanitary flow, atmospheric wet and dry depositions, and street dust samples were collected from the Babcock Street sewer district and analyzed. Total PCB concentrations (sum of the PCB congeners quantitated)...

journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology

authors： Loganathan BG,Irvine KN,Kannan K,Pragatheeswaran V,Sajwan KS

更新日期：1997-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of both parathion and methyl parathion on the inhibition of plasma cholinesterase were elaborated in a rat model employing a modified isocratic reverse-phase HPLC method coupled with UV detection for the determination of the urinary metabolite p-nitrophenol (U-4NP). A linearity of r2 > 0.995 was found for ...

journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology

authors： Chang MJ,Chen YC,Yang HJ

更新日期：1997-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chlorella (a unicellular green alga) and Cladophora (a filamentous alga) were used in algal assays to identify the presence and toxicity of organometallic complexes in four industrial wastewaters. Toxicities of inorganic Pb and organometallic compounds (trimethyl, tetramethyl and tetraethyl leads, cacodylic acid and C...

journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology

authors： Wong SL,Nakamoto L,Wainwright JF

更新日期：1997-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A total of 216 otolith samples (89 male, 127 female) fromPomadasys stridens (Forskal 1775), a common fish of the ArabianGulf, were analyzed for the concentrations of heavy metals. Standard length,age, sex, body, and otolith weight were recorded for each fish. Otolithweight from male fish was found in the range of 0.04...

journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology

authors： Ahmad S,Al-Ghais SM

更新日期：1997-04-01 00:00:00